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''Ponerorchis'' is a small genus of Asian terrestrial tuberous orchids included in the orchid family Orchidaceae. It is native to China, Siberia, the Russian Far East, Japan, Korea, and the Himalayas.〔(Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families )〕〔(Flora of China v 25 p 92, 小红门兰属 xiao hong men lan shu, ''Ponerorchis'' )〕 It has been suggested that ''Ponerorchis'' should be broadened to include Chusua, and that ''Hemipilia'' should include single `orphan' species of ''Ponerorchis'' and ''Habenaria'' They can be found in evergreen forests and meadows in temperate, mountainous regions from the Himalayas to Siberia and Japan. They are closely related to the genus ''Orchis'' to which, in the past, they were thought to belong. The genus is distinguished from ''Orchis'' by having in the column two bursicles (pouchlike receptacles) enclosing the pollinia, instead of one. It shares with ''Orchis'' its spherical, ellipsoid or oblong tubers. The species ''Ponerorchis chidorii'', endemic to Japan, is also known to grow epiphytically. In horticultural trade this genus is abbreviated as Pnr. These orchids, a wide variety of mostly cultivars of ''Ponerorchis graminifolia'', are rarely grown outside Japan. == Species == Species accepted as of May 2014:〔 # ''Ponerorchis brevicalcarata'' (Finet) Soó, (1966) - Sichuan, Yunnan # ''Ponerorchis chidorii'' (Makino) Ohwi, (1936) - Honshu, Shikoku # ''Ponerorchis chrysea'' (W.W.Sm.) Soó, (1966) - Yunnan, Tibet, Bhutan # ''Ponerorchis chusua'' (D.Don) Soó, (1966) - Korea, Assam, Nepal, Bhutan, Myanmar, China (Gansu, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Jilin, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Tibet, Yunnan), Russia (Primorye, Khabarovsk, Amur, Chita) # ''Ponerorchis crenulata'' Soó, (1966) - Yunnan # ''Ponerorchis curtipes'' (Ohwi) J.M.H.Shaw, (2003) - Kushiro Subprefecture (on Hokkaido) # ''Ponerorchis exilis'' (Ames & Schltr.) S.C.Chen, P.J.Cribb & S.W.Gale (2006) - Yunnan # ''Ponerorchis graminifolia'' Rchb.f., (1852) - Korea, Japan # ''Ponerorchis joo-iokiana'' (Makino) Soó,(1966) - Korea, Honshu # ''Ponerorchis kiraishiensis'' (Hayata) Ohwi, (1936) - Taiwan # ''Ponerorchis kurokamiana'' (Hatus. & Ohwi) J.M.H.Shaw, (2003) - Mount Kurokami on Kyushu # ''Ponerorchis limprichtii'' (Schltr.) Soó, (1966) - Gansu, Henan, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan # ''Ponerorchis omeishanica'' (Tang, F.T.Wang & K.Y.Lang) S.C.Chen, P.J.Cribb & S.W.Gale (2006) - Sichuan # ''Ponerorchis puberula'' (King & Pantl.) Verm., (1972) - Assam, Bhutan # ''Ponerorchis pugeensis'' (K.Y.Lang) S.C.Chen, P.J.Cribb & S.W.Gale (2006) - Sichuan # ''Ponerorchis renzii'' Deva & H.B.Naithani, (1986) Western Himalaya of India, Tibet, Pakistan # ''Ponerorchis sichuanica'' (K.Y.Lang) S.C.Chen, P.J.Cribb & S.W.Gale (2006) - Sichuan # ''Ponerorchis taiwanensis'' (Fukuy.) Ohwi, (1936) - Taiwan # ''Ponerorchis takasago-montana'' (Masam.) Ohwi, (1936) - Taiwan # ''Ponerorchis tominagae'' (Hayata) H.J.Su & J.J.Chen (2000) - Taiwan 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ponerorchis」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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